It is the process to make things virtual. Most known are so called "virtual PCs" that you are able to install inside your computer (on emulated hardware- motherboard , network card, all.) You are able to install operation system on that virtual computer. It's slower, but can be customizable, install programs, freeze in time (to freeze trial-countdown programs), easily backed up)
Such PC is a single file on Your PC.
Pro's
Virtual Computers use less space (rent costs) power (electricity bill) & cooling
compression -less physical machines (while reading this your fast computer use only 5% CPU - if not using grid computing; and can run multiple virtual computers)
note that cooling can be two times more expensive and that single server may use more than 300w
server refresh costs (licences for virtual computers should be cheaper like windows server or even free!)
better management (no need to use plenty of pcs, all can be controlled over single keyboard, web interface, all Virtual computers use same network card)
secure console distribution
disaster recovery (you can make backup of Virtual computer with pressing the button on server or just copy virtual machine's file or make snapshot)
software for virtualization is very stable
Con's
humans make mistakes. if admin of multiple virtual computers, or even some virtual cluster have a bad day or get drunk he may make more trouble
too many virtual machines ; when creating to many VMs, backups, etc.. you will need powerful hardware to run all this stuff
virtual software is not so cheap to buy and playing with multiple desktops and virtual clusters or somthing will cost you licences
Additional usages:
virtual keyboard- a keyboard that runs as program and is described well on this website. example: xvkbd.
thinstall alike - small operation system used to make portable applications on windows
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